Information prominent
... better with chocolate (Smith 2009).
Author prominent (author used as part of sentence)
Smith (2009) argues that everything is better with chocolate.
Even if you are paraphrasing (writing in your own words), include page number if the reference is long (e.g. a book or chapter) and it might be useful for the reader.
... uncertainty over future supplies of chocolate (Heisenberg 2013, pp. 345-347).
If you are quoting a source directly, always use a page number (or page numbers if the quote extends over the page)
Smith and Jones (2012, p. 234) state that "coffee is better with added chocolate" ...
... "coffee is better with added chocolate" (Smith & Jones 2012, pp. 567-568).
If you are quoting from a reference that does not have page number, you can use sections (sec., secs), paragraphs (para., paras) or similar divisions.
... "with the addition of chocolate (Green 2015, para. 4)
According to Green (2015, paras 5-6), the "addition of chocolate to coffee" changes the ...
Corporate author
... better with chocolate (Chocolate Promotion Board, 2010)
The Chocolate Promotion Board (2010) proposed that ...
Long corporate names can be abbreviated in-text (optional), but show them in full the first time:
.... according to research published by the National Health and Medical Research Council concerning chocolate and health (NHMRC 2011).
If you use an abbreviation in-text, put an extra line in your reference list:
NHMRC - see National Health and Medical Research Council
Use the full corporate name for all entries in the reference list
Two or three authors
Use '&' in parentheses:
... with extra chocolate (Smith, Jones & Green 2008).
Use 'and' if the authors names are part of the text:
Smith, Jones and Green (2008) have conclusively shown ...
Four or more authors
Give all authors in the reference list, but you can use the first author and et al. (Latin, et alia, meaning "and others") in your in-text citations.
Jones et al. (2012) state that ...
... better than coffee (Jones et al. 2012).
If the same author has written more than one work in the same year, add lower-case letters to the year in the reference list (use the alphabetical order of the entries before adding the letters to the year).
Faux, D 2014a, Chocolate shortages: the implications, Confectionery Press, Sydney.
Faux, D 2014b, Growing cocoa in Australia, Confectionery Press, Sydney
The same letters are used for the in-text citations:
... predicted chocolate wars in the twenty-first century (Faux 2014a). Although this prediction was later revised (Faux 2014b), the ...